2017-12-18 116 views
0

我正在编写一个裸机内核,并且在NOLOAD部分的情况下我无法理解ld的输出。我声明只在MMU激活时存在的符号,所以VMA和LMA不一样。 我曾经声明这样那样的一个部分:LD和NOLOAD部分:了解奇怪的LMA值

_foobar_start = .; 
.foobar : AT(ADDR(.foobar) - VA_PA_OFFSET) 
{ 
    *.o(.foobar.section*) 
} 
_foobar_end = .; 

现在我节的内容之一是通过引导加载器加载的,所以我只想申报VMA符号在运行时使用,访问数据,所以我尝试了NOLOAD属性:

_foobar_start = .; 
.foobar (NOLOAD) : 
{ 
    . += SIZE_OF_FOOBAR; 
} 
_foobar_end = .; 

我知道,我不关心LMA在这种情况下,但我希望看到类似的东西,其中LMA = VMA(见LD manual):

.foobar   0x000000004002c000  0x353c load address 0x000000004002c000 

但我得到一个奇怪的LMA的东西,我不作感:

.foobar   0x000000004002c000  0x353c load address 0x0000000001900000 

如果我使用

.foobar (NOLOAD) : AT(_foobar_start) 

似乎一切都很好,我看迫使VMA = LMA脚本只有

.foobar   0x000000004002c000  0x353c 

即使没有强制VMA = LMA,所产生的ELF是好的,但我得到的,因为其他部分的编译时间一些警告(toto是其他部分):

warning: dot moved backwards before `.toto 

我希望了解这些内容。

当我指定NOLOAD时,是否有原因导致LMA = VMA?

编辑:这里是全链接文件触发问题。我加了一些意见,针点问题

OUTPUT_ARCH(CONFIG_LINKER_ARCH) 
OUTPUT_FORMAT(CONFIG_LINKER_FORMAT) 

_kern_phys_base = OCRAM_BASE_PA + OCRAM_OFFSET; 

_kern_offset = KERNEL_VA_PA_OFFSET; 

SECTIONS 
{ 
    . = _kern_phys_base; 

    _start_image_addr = .; 

    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _early_text_start = .; 
    .early_text : 
    { 
     KEEP(*(.text.boot)) 
     KEEP(*(.text.mmu)) 
    } 

    . = ALIGN(4); 
    .early_rodata : 
    { 
     *(.rodata.boot*) 
     *(.rodata.mmu*) 
    } 
    _early_text_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _early_data_start = .; 
    .early_data : 
    { 
     *(.data.boot) 
    } 
    _early_data_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(0x4000); 
    _early_bss_start = .; 
    .early_bss : 
    { 
     *(.bss.mmu) 
     *(.bss.boot) 
    } 
    . = ALIGN(16); 
    _early_bss_end = .; 

    _early_end = .; 

    /* 
    * The following part is accessed only once the MMU has been 
    * activated, so we first need to jump into "high" memory 
    */ 
    . += _kern_offset; 

    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _text_start = .; 
    .text : AT(ADDR(.text) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.text .text.*) 
    } 
    _text_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _rodata_start = .; 
    .rodata : AT(ADDR(.rodata) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.rodata*) 
    } 
    _rodata_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(4); 
    _arm_extab_start = .; 
    .ARM.extab : AT(ADDR(.ARM.extab) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.ARM.extab) 
    } 
    _arm_extab_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(4); 
    _arm_exidx_start = .; 
    .ARM.exidx : AT(ADDR(.ARM.exidx) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.ARM.exidx) 
    } 
    _arm_exidx_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(4); 
    _kernel_debug_info_start = .; 
    _kernel_debug_info_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(4); 
    _emergency_code_vstart = .; 
    _emergency_code_vend = .; 

    /* 
    * This is where I use the NOLOAD, with AT this time 
    * This 'archive' part is not located in OCRAM, but some 
    * where else in RAM 
    */ 
    _archive_point_save = .; 
    . = DDR_BASE_VA; 
    . = ALIGN(512); 
    _archive_start = .; 
    .archive_data (NOLOAD) : AT(_archive_start) 
    { 
     codes.o(.rawdata*) 
    } 
    _archive_end = .; 
    . = _archive_point_save; 

    /* Back to OCRAM VMA */ 
    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _data_start = .; 
    .data : AT(ADDR(.data) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.data*) 
    } 
    _data_end = .; 

    . = ALIGN(32); 
    _bss_start = .; 
    .bss : AT(ADDR(.bss) - _kern_offset) 
    { 
     *(.bss .bss.*) 
    } 
    . = ALIGN(16); 
    _bss_end = .; 

    /* 
    * Second location, also in RAM, just after the '.archive_data' section 
    * This time I didn't put the AT to show the difference in output 
    */ 
    _dyn_archive_point_save = .; 
    . = _archive_end; 
    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _dyn_archive_start = .; 
    .dyn_archive (NOLOAD) : 
    { 
     . += _dyn_archive_space; 
    } 
    _dyn_archive_end = .; 
    . = _dyn_archive_point_save; 

    /* Back to OCRAM VMA */ 
    . = ALIGN(0x1000); 
    _kernel_stack_guard = .; 
    . += 0x1000; 

    .stack (NOLOAD) : 
    { 
     _kernel_stack_end = .; 
     /* 2 pages of 4 kB */ 
     . += 0x2000; 
     _kernel_stack_start = .; 
    } 

    _kernel_image_end = .; 
} 

这里是objdump -x输出:

build/kernel/kernel.elf:  file format elf32-littlearm 
build/kernel/kernel.elf 
architecture: arm, flags 0x00000102: 
EXEC_P, D_PAGED 
start address 0x00910000 

Program Header: 
0x70000001 off 0x0003072c vaddr 0x4003072c paddr 0x0093072c align 2**2 
     filesz 0x000000a0 memsz 0x000000a0 flags r-- 
    LOAD off 0x00010000 vaddr 0x00910000 paddr 0x00910000 align 2**16 
     filesz 0x00002828 memsz 0x00008000 flags rwx 
    LOAD off 0x00018000 vaddr 0x40018000 paddr 0x00918000 align 2**16 
     filesz 0x000199e0 memsz 0x0001fa28 flags rwx 
    LOAD off 0x00038000 vaddr 0x41028000 paddr 0x01928000 align 2**16 
     filesz 0x00000000 memsz 0x00100000 flags rw- 
    LOAD off 0x00039000 vaddr 0x40039000 paddr 0x40039000 align 2**16 
     filesz 0x00000000 memsz 0x00002000 flags rw- 
    LOAD off 0x00040000 vaddr 0x41000000 paddr 0x41000000 align 2**16 
     filesz 0x00000000 memsz 0x00028000 flags rw- 
private flags = 5000200: [Version5 EABI] [soft-float ABI] 

Sections: 
Idx Name   Size  VMA  LMA  File off Algn 
    0 .early_text 000015c0 00910000 00910000 00010000 2**5 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE 
    1 .early_rodata 00000030 009115c0 009115c0 000115c0 2**2 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 
    2 .early_data 00000828 00912000 00912000 00012000 2**3 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 
    3 .early_bss 00004000 00914000 00914000 00012828 2**14 
        ALLOC 
    4 .text   000142d8 40018000 00918000 00018000 2**5 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE 
    5 .rodata  000036c0 4002d000 0092d000 0002d000 2**2 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 
    6 .ARM.extab 0000006c 400306c0 009306c0 000306c0 2**2 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 
    7 .ARM.exidx 000000a0 4003072c 0093072c 0003072c 2**2 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 
    8 .archive_data 00028000 41000000 41000000 00040000 2**0 
        ALLOC 
    9 .data   000009e0 40031000 00931000 00031000 2**3 
        CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 
10 .bss   00006048 400319e0 009319e0 000319e0 2**3 
        ALLOC 
11 .dyn_archive 00100000 41028000 01928000 00038000 2**0 
        ALLOC 
12 .stack  00002000 40039000 40039000 00039000 2**0 
        ALLOC 
13 .comment  0000002d 00000000 00000000 000319e0 2**0 
        CONTENTS, READONLY 
14 .ARM.attributes 00000037 00000000 00000000 00031a0d 2**0 
        CONTENTS, READONLY 
SYMBOL TABLE: 
no symbols 

正如你可以看到:.archive_data.stack正确地得到VMA = LMA但.dyn_archive没有。如果我删除的.archive_dataAT,我得到比.dyn_archive相同的行为与地址0x1900000

+0

任何机会你可以发布你的完整链接文件。以及链接的可执行文件的'objdump -x'可能是有用的。 –

+1

我会尽量使我的链接器文件的短版本触发相同的行为。至于'objdump -x',我不能,对不起,但我可以打印一些子部分。尽快更新。 – Vinz

+0

@ Michael-Petch:输出很干净,我完全放了。 – Vinz

回答

0

看来我最后的评论是有效的,如证实(至少对扩大我们的手册中解释)on the binutils ML

由“LMA后退”场景触发的警告以及每次正确更新LMA都是手动更新的警告是正确的方法。