我正在使用pyinstaller制作一个python脚本的一个文件夹可执行文件。它启动相当缓慢。我的代码中的第一件事是打印“开始”。当我运行可执行文件时，它会在屏幕上显示超过10秒。我想缩短这个延迟时间。我猜想，要减少启动所需的dll数量是很有帮助的。在pyinstaller中删除对matplotlib和qt的依赖（缓慢启动）

我注意到的一件事是，matplotlib和qt5 dll被复制到输出文件夹，即使我不打算使用这些。在我自己的代码中，我没有依赖于这些库。我进口：

import os 
import sys 
import argparse 
import numpy as np 
import logging 
import json 
from element import Square, Slanted 
from skimage import measure 
from skimage.segmentation import clear_border 
try: 
    from skimage import filters 
except: 
    from skimage import filter as filters 

from scipy import ndimage 
from scipy.ndimage.filters import gaussian_filter, median_filter 
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit 
from enum import Enum 
import time

的pyinstall输出的第一部分，直到它开始提matplotlib，是这样的：

212 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.2.1 
213 INFO: Python: 3.5.2 
214 INFO: Platform: Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1 
249 INFO: wrote x:\script.spec 
255 INFO: UPX is not available. 
308 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths 
['x:\\', 'x:\\script'] 
310 INFO: checking Analysis 
311 INFO: Building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc is non existent 
312 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph... 
346 INFO: Initializing module graph hooks... 
352 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ... 
6794 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc 
7585 INFO: Caching module hooks... 
7596 INFO: Analyzing x:\script.py 
10819 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook distutils 
13057 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook site 
13061 INFO: site: retargeting to fake-dir 'c:\\anaconda3\\envs\\myeenv\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\fake-modules' 
20369 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook win32com 
27275 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook six.moves 
38245 INFO: Loading module hooks... 
38247 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pydoc.py"... 
38250 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.dom.domreg.py"... 
38253 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.py"... 
38256 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-distutils.py"... 
38265 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pytz.py"... 
38434 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-numpy.core.py"... 
38832 INFO: MKL libraries found when importing numpy. Adding MKL to binaries 
38837 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-_tkinter.py"... 
40127 INFO: checking Tree 
40129 INFO: Building Tree because out00-Tree.toc is non existent 
40131 INFO: Building Tree out00-Tree.toc 
40264 INFO: checking Tree 
40266 INFO: Building Tree because out01-Tree.toc is non existent 
40266 INFO: Building Tree out01-Tree.toc 
40301 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-PyQt5.QtCore.py"... 
40918 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-matplotlib.py"... 
43519 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-win32com.py"...

我如何找出哪些库是给我的matplotlib/QT5依赖？我还可以做其他事情来改善启动时间吗？

我已经尝试使用：

pyinstaller script.py --exclude-module matplotlib,qt5

但它仍然启动包括matplotlib.backends等等

编辑

看来，skimage.segmentation被包括matplotlib ...

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "myenv\script.py", line 11, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\segmentation\__init__.py", line 6, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\segmentation\boundaries.py", line 5, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\morphology\__init__.py", line 1, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\morphology\binary.py", line 6, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\morphology\misc.py", line 5, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\morphology\selem.py", line 3, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\draw\__init__.py", line 1, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\draw\draw.py", line 6, in <module> 
    File "c:\anaconda3\envs\myenv\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 389, in load_module 
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__) 
    File "site-packages\skimage\_shared\_geometry.py", line 4, in <module> 
ImportError: No module named 'matplotlib' 
Failed to execute script myenv

编辑2

小测试。二手pyinstaller做出以下脚本的一个文件夹可执行文件：

import numpy as np 
print(np.array([0]))

大约过了6秒运行。今天早上我意识到我从samba mount运行，这可能会大大影响启动时间。相同的可执行文件需要0.7秒启动时本地！尽管（> 500MB），我仍然对降低分配的大小感兴趣。

来源

2017-02-10 Goosebumps

我的应用程序有许多依赖像你的情况上市（如wxPython的numpy的SciPy的matplotlib等），但在Win7上不到一秒启动。我将它与py2exe打包在一起，当我比较几个其他打包工具的启动速度时，py2exe对我的应用程序来说是最好的。因为你说的是dll，我认为它也是Windows。 – otterb

正确，使用Windows 7.感谢您使用py2exe的建议。我会检查这一点。今天早上，我也意识到我正在从桑巴山上运行。我会用本地副本做一些测试并更新上面的问题。 – Goosebumps

问题与不含模块是，pyinstaller解释命令行参数--exclude-module作为一个包，因此

pyinstaller script.py --exclude-module matplotlib,qt5

导致excludes=['matplotlib,qt5']在.spec文件。

要排除两个包，他们需要分开：

pyinstaller script.py --exclude-module matplotlib --exclude-module qt5

来源

2017-04-20 11:26:03 stefan

在pyinstaller中删除对matplotlib和qt的依赖（缓慢启动）

编辑

编辑2

回答

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