在Hang子手游戏中检查任意大小的字母

Question

当前我正在研究一个hang子手游戏，我之前编码它只能用于5个字母的单词，但现在想要处理任何长度的单词，我怎么能改变这个代码，使其工作如何我想要它？

#include "stdafx.h" 
#include <iostream> 
#include <string> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <cstdlib> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
string word; 
int tries; 
string guess; 
string wordguess; 
string output; 

cout << "Enter a word for player two to guess: "; 
cin >> word; 
system("CLS"); 
cout.flush(); 
cout << "Guess the word!" << endl; 

for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) 
{ 
cout << "_ "; 
} 

cout << "Enter a letter: "; 
cin >> guess; 

for (int tries = 5; tries > 0; tries--) 
{ 
if (guess[0] == word[0]) { 
    output[0] = word[0]; 
    cout << "You guessed the first letter! Good job!" << endl; 
} 
if (guess[0] == word[1]) { 
    output[2] = word[1]; 
    cout << "You guessed the second letter! Good job!" << endl; 
} 
if (guess[0] == word[2]) { 
    output[4] = word[2]; 
    cout << "You guessed the third letter! Good job!" << endl; 
} 
if (guess[0] == word[3]) { 
    output[6] = word[3]; 

    cout << "You guessed the fourth letter! Good job!" << endl; 
} 
if (guess[0] == word[4]) { 
    output[8] = word[4]; 
    cout << "You guessed the fifth letter! Good job!" << endl; 
} 

cout << output << endl; 
cout << "You have " << tries << " tries left. Take a guess at the word: " << endl; 
cin >> wordguess; 
if (wordguess == word) 
{ 
    cout << "Congratulations, you guessed the word correctly!" << endl; 
    break; 
} 
} 
    system("pause"); 
    return 0; 
} 

正如你可以告诉我检查从0到4（第一到第五个字母）的每个位置。我知道有很多方法可以让我更好地编码，但正如你所猜测的，我是编码新手，这是我想到的方式。请注意，这仍然是一项正在进行的工作，因此尚未完全完成。任何帮助将是伟大的！

Answer 1

在设计算法时，请想想如何在没有计算机的情况下手动完成此操作。然后让代码执行相同的操作。

如果你检查你的朋友的反对写在沙滩上的字猜测，你可能会去像这样：

• 去通过字符写入图案的性格，在内存
叨念着你的字
• 每个字母，检查它是否等于猜测

• 如果是

  • 更换PLACEHOLD呃与它
  • 记住你的朋友猜对了。
  • 还要注意是否有任何占位符左
    • 如果没有，你的朋友赢得

• 最后，如果你的朋友没有猜对，他们进球点球点并检查它们是否丢失

现在，所有的结果都是将它放在C++中。该语言提供各种实体 - 让我们检查哪些适合我们需要最好的：

• 字和当前的模式 - 一个固定大小的字符串

• 位记忆：

  • 目前的猜测是否正确 - 布尔
  • 占位符左 - 诠释
  • 点球点（或等价地，左尝试） - 诠释

• 部分的算法：

  • 遍历字符串 - for loop of one of a few kinds
    • 我们需要相同的索引单词中猜到信在替换模式的字符。所以，we need to have the index when looping。因此，索引变量for(std::string::size_type i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i)的风格可能最适合。

Answer 2

// Example program 
#include <iostream> 
#include <string> 
using namespace std; 

class my_game 
{ 
private: 
    string congrats_array[15] = {"first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "nineth", "tenth", "eleventh", "twelfth", "thirteenth", "fourteenth", "fifteenth"}; 
    string word_to_guess; 
    int tries_left; 
    int word_length; 
    int letters_guessed_count; 
    string guessed_letters; 

    void check_letter(char letter); 
    void print_current_word_state(); 

public: 
    my_game(); 
    void begin_the_game(); 
    void play_the_game(); 
}; 

my_game::my_game() 
{ 

} 

void my_game::begin_the_game() 
{ 
    cout << "Enter a word for player to guess: " << endl; 
    cin >> word_to_guess; 
    system("CLS"); 
    cout.flush(); 

    cout << "Enter the tries amount!\n" << endl; 
    cin >> tries_left; 

    word_length = word_to_guess.size(); 

    guessed_letters = "_"; 
    letters_guessed_count = 0; 

    for(int i = 0; i < word_length - 1; i++){ 
     guessed_letters += "_"; 
    } 
} 

void my_game::play_the_game() 
{ 
    cout << "Guess the word!" << endl; 
    char letter; 

    for(int i = 0; i < tries_left; i++) 
    { 
     cout << guessed_letters << endl; 
     cout << "Enter a letter: " << endl; 
     cin >> letter; 
     check_letter(letter); 

     if(letters_guessed_count == word_length){ 
      cout << "Congrats! You won!" << endl; 
      return; 
     } 
    } 

    cout << "You lose" << endl; 
} 

void my_game::check_letter(char letter) 
{ 
    for(int i = 0; i < word_length; i++) 
    { 
     if(word_to_guess[i] == letter && guessed_letters[i] != letter) 
     { 
      guessed_letters[i] = letter; 
      letters_guessed_count++; 
      cout << "You guessed the" << congrats_array[i] <<"letter! Good job!" << endl; 
     } 
    } 
} 


int main() 
{ 
    my_game game; 
    game.begin_the_game(); 
    game.play_the_game(); 
} 

Answer 3

因此，简而言之，你需要用任意长度的话要做到这一点的是用字符串的.substr（）函数和字符串流库的名为.str（）和< <和>>运营商。此版本的代码使用一个函数，可以在正确的索引位置插入正确的猜测字符。这将在正确的地方用字母逐渐取代“_________”。在Java中这样做更容易，但stringstream是一个很好的库，我强烈建议熟悉它。我会留下怎样处理推测的字符的多个实例取决于你的问题（即“我”在“书目”）

#include <string> 
using std::string; 

#include <sstream> 
using std::stringstream; 

#include <iostream> 
using std::cout; 
using std::cin; 
using std::endl; 

string newString(string, int, string); 

int main() 
{ 
    string word; 
    string guess; 
    int tries; 
    string output; 

    string input; 

    cout << "Enter word for player 2 to guess: "; 
    cin >> word; 

    stringstream ss; 

    //---------- fills the stream with "_"s matching the length of word 

    for(int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) 
     ss << "_"; 

    //----------- assigns the initial value of "___..." to output 

    ss >> output; 

    //----------- sets up the loop 

    tries = 5; 
    bool found = false; 

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) 
    { 
     cout << "\nTry " << i << " of 5: Enter a letter or guess the word: "; 
     cin >> input; 

     if(input == word) 
     { 
      cout << "Congratulations, you guessed the word correctly!" << endl; 
      break; 
     } 

     //------------------ else, proceed with replacing letters 

     if(word.find(input) != std::string::npos) 
     { 
      size_t position = word.find(input);           // finds index of first instance of the guessed letter 
      cout << "You guessed the " << position+1 << " letter! Good job!" << endl; // since strings start at index 0, position+1 

      //------- replaces appropriate "_" with the guessed letter 

      output = newString(input, position, output); 
      cout << "\n" << output; 

      // Around here you'll want to set up a way to deal with multiple instances 
      // of the same letter 

     } 
     else 
      cout << "Incorrect guess" << endl; 
    } 

    return 0; 
} 

//--------------------------------------------------- 

string newString(string guess, int index, string word) 
{ 
    string NewString; 
    stringstream temp; 

    //---------- hack up the string into sections before and after the index 

    string before = word.substr(0, index); 
    string after = word.substr(index+1, word.length() - index+1); 

    //---------------- populates the new stringstream and assigns it to the result 

    temp << before << guess << after; 

    NewString = temp.str(); 

    return NewString; 
}