如何避免Salesforce测试中创建用户的MIXED_DML_OPERATION错误

Question

有时在Salesforce测试中，您需要创建用户对象以将特定类型的用户作为测试的一部分运行。

然而，由于Salesforce的夏季08更新，尝试创建在同一个测试引线的两个用户对象和正常对象（如会计）以下错误：该错误不

MIXED_DML_OPERATION, DML operation on setup object is not permitted after you have updated a non-setup object (or vice versa): User, original object: Account

注当您从Eclipse/Force.com IDE运行测试时发生，但是当您部署到Salesforce并在Salesforce内运行测试时会发生。

如何重写我的测试以避免此错误？

下面是导致错误的测试的一个简单的例子：

static testMethod void test_mixed_dmlbug() {   
    Profile p = [select id from profile where name='(some profile)']; 
    UserRole r = [Select id from userrole where name='(some role)']; 
    User u = new User(alias = 'standt', email='standarduser@testorg.com', 
      emailencodingkey='UTF-8', lastname='Testing', 
      languagelocalekey='en_US', 
      localesidkey='en_US', profileid = p.Id, userroleid = r.Id, 
      timezonesidkey='America/Los_Angeles', 
      username='standarduser@testorg.com'); 
    Account a = new Account(Firstname='Terry', Lastname='Testperson'); 
    insert a; 

    System.runAs(u) { 
     a.PersonEmail = 'test@madeupaddress.com'; 
     update a; 
    } 

} 

Answer 1

没有多少Salesforce的人在这里呢，我猜。

我找到了一个解决方案，我不知道它为什么起作用，但它的工作原理。

访问正常对象中的所有测试的部件需要被包裹在明确地使用当前用户一个System.runAs，像这样：

User thisUser = [ select Id from User where Id = :UserInfo.getUserId() ]; 
System.runAs (thisUser) { 
    // put test setup code in here 
} 

因此，示例性方法text_mixed_dmlbug在给定的问题，会变成：

static testMethod void test_mixed_dmlbug() { 
    User u; 
    Account a;  
    User thisUser = [ select Id from User where Id = :UserInfo.getUserId() ]; 
    System.runAs (thisUser) { 
     Profile p = [select id from profile where name='(some profile)']; 
     UserRole r = [Select id from userrole where name='(some role)']; 
     u = new User(alias = 'standt', email='standarduser@testorg.com', 
      emailencodingkey='UTF-8', lastname='Testing', 
      languagelocalekey='en_US', 
      localesidkey='en_US', profileid = p.Id, userroleid = r.Id, 
      timezonesidkey='America/Los_Angeles', 
      username='standarduser@testorg.com'); 
     a = new Account(Firstname='Terry', Lastname='Testperson'); 
     insert a; 
    } 
    System.runAs(u) { 
     a.PersonEmail = 'test@madeupaddress.com'; 
     update a; 
    } 

} 

然后MIXED_DML_OPERATION错误停止发生。

Answer 2

您似乎已经找到了解决方法。我只是想尝试澄清为什么你在哪里得到这个错误。

我认为你正在运行到这个问题（每http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex_dml_non_mix_sobjects.htm）：

sObjects That Cannot Be Used Together in DML Operations

Some sObjects require that you perform DML operations on only one type per transaction. For example, you cannot insert an account, then insert a user or a group member in a single transaction. The following sObjects cannot be used together in a transaction:

* Group1 
* GroupMember 
* QueueSObject 
* User2 
* UserRole 
* UserTerritory 
* Territory 

Important The primary exception to this is when you are using the runAs method in a test.

此外，Summer 08 Release notes（该链接为一个PDF）说：

In previous releases, in a single transaction that involved triggers, you could perform DML operations on more than one type of sObject, for example, you could insert an account, then insert a user. As of Summer '08, you can only perform DML operations on a single type of sObject from the following list of sObjects.

For example, you cannot insert an account, then insert a user, or update a group, then insert a group member.

• Group
• GroupMember
• QueueSObject
• User
• UserRole
• UserTerritory
• Territory

In addition, User and Territory now support the insert and update DML operations, and UserRole now supports the insert, update delete and upsert DML operations.

Apex DML operations are not supported on the following sObjects:

• AccountTerritoryAssignmentRule
• AccountTerritoryAssignmentRuleItem
• UserAccountTeamMember

Answer 3

这种行为实际上是记录在salesforce文档中：http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/index_Left.htm#StartTopic=Content/apex_dml_non_mix_sobjects.htm?SearchType。阅读它说

Answer 4

刚刚发现这个文档中的“重要 当您使用在测试中的runAs方法主要例外是”：

Other Uses of runAs

You can also use the runAs method to perform mixed DML operations in your test by enclosing the DML operations within the runAs block. In this way, you bypass the mixed DML error that is otherwise returned when inserting or updating setup objects together with other sObjects . See sObjects That Cannot Be Used Together in DML Operations.

所以它看起来像RunAs解决方法是不是解决方法，而是被Salesforce视为混合DML问题的唯一方法。

希望这有助于

Reference