junit在嘲笑时出错

Question

我是Junit的新手，下面是我正在运行的junit代码。

package com.de.base.util.general; 
import static org.junit.Assert.*; 
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when; 
import java.util.HashMap; 
import org.junit.Assert; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.mockito.InjectMocks; 
import org.mockito.Mock; 
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner; 
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito; 

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) 
public class JReportUtilTest { 
@InjectMocks 
ReportUtil w_res = new ReportUtil(); 

@Mock 
CollectionUtil w_util; 

@Test 
public void test_removeHashedSettings() throws Exception { 
    HashMap<String ,String> w_abc = new HashMap<String,String>(); 
    w_abc.put("abc","89"); 
    //CollectionUtil mock = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(CollectionUtil.class); 
    //PowerMockito.mockStatic(CollectionUtil.class,w_abc);   
    when(w_util.createHashMap("abc:89", ":")).thenReturn(w_abc); 
    assertEquals("abc:89:",ReportUtil.removeHashedSettings("1", "abc:89", ":")); 
} 
} 

这里是我的API removedHashedSettingsin ReportUtil

public static String removeHashedSettings(String key, String a_settings, String deilimiter) throws Exception 
    { 
     if (!(key != null && key.trim().length() > 0)) 
      return a_settings; 
     if (!(a_settings != null && a_settings.trim().length() > 0)) 
      return a_settings; 

     HashMap hSettings = CollectionUtil.createHashMap(a_settings, deilimiter); 
     hSettings.remove(key); 
     return getSettingFromHash(hSettings, deilimiter); 
    } 

下面是createHashMap在CollectionUtil，我有嘲笑的代码。

public static HashMap<String, String> createHashMap(String a_NameValStr, String a_Delim)// throws Exception 
    { 
     HashMap<String, String> w_KeyVal = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
     if (LOGGER.isInfoEnabled()) LOGGER.info("CollectionUtil:createHashMap:Hashing string: "+ a_NameValStr); 

     if(a_NameValStr == null) return w_KeyVal; 

      StringTokenizer w_StrTkn = new StringTokenizer(a_NameValStr, a_Delim); 
      if(w_StrTkn.countTokens() == 0 || (w_StrTkn.countTokens()%2) != 0) 
      { 
       LOGGER.warn("CollectionUtil:createHashMap:Invalid number of tokens to hash: "+ a_NameValStr+":"+w_StrTkn.countTokens()); 
       return w_KeyVal; 
      } 

      while (w_StrTkn.hasMoreTokens()) w_KeyVal.put(w_StrTkn.nextToken(), w_StrTkn.nextToken()); 
     System.out.println(w_KeyVal); 
     return w_KeyVal; 
    } 

这是我在运行junit测试用例时遇到的错误。

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'. 
For example: 
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles); 

Also, this error might show up because: 
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods. 
    Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified. 
    Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported. 
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object. 

    at com.de.base.util.general.JReportUtilTest.test_removeHashedSettings(JReportUtilTest.java:32) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300) 
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37) 
    at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) 

我使用的Mockito - 全1.10.19.jar，powermock-API的Mockito-1.6.6.jar，powermock核-1.6.6.jar，powermock模块，junit4-1.6。 6.jar 任何人都可以帮我解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

这是我工作的代码：

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; 

import java.util.HashMap; 

import org.junit.Before; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.mockito.InjectMocks; 
import org.mockito.Mockito; 
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito; 
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest; 
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner; 

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) 
@PrepareForTest(CollectionUtil.class) 
public class TestHarnesTest { 
    @InjectMocks 
    TestHarnes w_res = new TestHarnes(); 

    @Before 
    public void before() { 
     PowerMockito.mockStatic(CollectionUtil.class); 
    } 

    @Test 
    public void test_removeHashedSettings() throws Exception { 
     HashMap<String, String> w_abc = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
     w_abc.put("abc", "89"); 
     // CollectionUtil mock = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(CollectionUtil.class); 
     // PowerMockito.mockStatic(CollectionUtil.class,w_abc); 
     PowerMockito.when(CollectionUtil.createHashMap(Mockito.eq("abc:89"), Mockito.eq(":"))).thenReturn(w_abc); 
     assertEquals("abc:89:", TestHarnes.removeHashedSettings("1", "abc:89", ":")); 
    } 
} 

和TestHarnes类

public class TestHarnes { 

    public static String removeHashedSettings(final String key, final String a_settings, final String deilimiter) throws Exception { 
     if (!(key != null && key.trim().length() > 0)) { 
      return a_settings; 
     } 
     if (!(a_settings != null && a_settings.trim().length() > 0)) { 
      return a_settings; 
     } 

     HashMap hSettings = CollectionUtil.createHashMap(a_settings, deilimiter); 
     hSettings.remove(key); 
     return getSettingFromHash(hSettings, deilimiter); 
    } 

    private static String getSettingFromHash(final HashMap hSettings, final String deilimiter) { 
     return ""; 
    } 

} 

Answer 2

您不使用PowerMock亚军：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) 

的Mockito不能嘲笑静态方法，但PowerMock一样。

你应该嘲笑静态方法的类：

PowerMockito.mockStatic(CollectionUtil.class); 

反正一个更好的设计是由一个实例方法取代静态方法。
静态方法不是自然可测试的，并且迫使创建复杂且不可读的解决方法。例如，看看测试简单类所需的依赖关系混合的复杂性。

您应该保留使用静态方法作为帮助程序，它不执行域的核心逻辑并且不需要模拟。

当这些方法执行域的核心逻辑时，就像createHashMap() static method的情况一样，您可能需要嘲笑它以在测试期间不在相关类之间创建副作用。
正如你已经注意到的那样：嘲讽静态方法真的很笨拙，因为静态方法实际上并不是被设计为被重写的。

此外，对于域的核心逻辑，你应该有能力利用OOP（继承性，多态性，设计模式等），如何用静态方法实现它？ -

对于遗留代码，我们不能真正改变，它是可以接受的，否则，不，它不会，你应该重构你的代码。