由NetBeans生成的Jar虽然从IDE运行，但仍未运行。

Question

这是我的pom.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
<groupId>com.mycompany</groupId> 
<artifactId>TimeTrackerWithMaven</artifactId> 
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> 
<packaging>jar</packaging> 
<properties> 
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> 
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> 
    <java.version>1.8</java.version> 
</properties> 
<build> 
    <plugins> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
     </plugin> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
      <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>2.4</version> 
      <configuration> 
       <archive> 
        <manifest> 
         <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> 
         <mainClass>com.mycompany.timetrackerwithmaven.Main</mainClass> 
        </manifest> 
       </archive> 
      </configuration> 
     </plugin> 
     <plugin> 
      <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId> 
      <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
      <version>0.7.4.201502262128</version> 
      <executions> 
       <execution> 
        <goals> 
         <goal>prepare-agent</goal> 
        </goals> 
       </execution> 
       <execution> 
        <id>report</id> 
        <phase>prepare-package</phase> 
        <goals> 
         <goal>report</goal> 
        </goals> 
       </execution> 
      </executions> 
     </plugin> 
    </plugins> 
</build> 
<dependencies> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.mockito</groupId> 
     <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId> 
     <version>2.0.31-beta</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-io --> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> 
     <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> 
     <version>1.3.2</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>junit</groupId> 
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
     <version>4.12</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> 
     <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 
     <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> 
     <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 
     <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 

    <dependency> 
     <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> 
     <artifactId>gson</artifactId> 
     <version>2.4</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId> 
     <artifactId>guava</artifactId> 
     <version>19.0-rc2</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>com.google.collections</groupId> 
     <artifactId>google-collections</artifactId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId> 
     <artifactId>jna</artifactId> 
     <version>4.1.0</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId> 
     <artifactId>platform</artifactId> 
     <version>3.5.2</version> 
    </dependency> 
</dependencies> 
<name>TimeTrackerWithMavenDevelopment</name> 

这是我在生成的JAR的MANIFEST.MF。

Manifest-Version: 1.0 
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver 
Built-By: Blackstorm 
Class-Path: mockito-core-2.0.31-beta.jar byte-buddy-0.6.14.jar objenes 
is-2.1.jar commons-io-1.3.2.jar junit-4.12.jar hamcrest-core-1.3.jar 
spring-core-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar commons-logging-1.2.jar spring-test-4.2 
.4.RELEASE.jar spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar spring-context-4.2.4.RE 
LEASE.jar spring-aop-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar aopalliance-1.0.jar spring-exp 
ression-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar gson-2.4.jar guava-19.0-rc2.jar google-coll 
ections-1.0.jar jna-4.1.0.jar platform-3.5.2.jar 
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.0.5 
Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_101 
Main-Class: com.mycompany.timetrackerwithmaven.Main 

当我运行我的代码 “Java的罐子TimeTrackerWithMaven-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar” 我碰到下面的错误。

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContext at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Unknown Source) at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(Unknown Source) at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(Unknown Source) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) ... 7 more Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again Exception in thread "main"

Answer 1

您的输出jar没有包含必要的库，并且在classpath上找不到依赖关系。为了解决这个问题，要么将它们包含在classpath中（在你的情况下，把它们放在与输出jar文件相同的文件夹中，可能有一些插件来帮助自动化，尽管这看起来不像是一个简单的想法，你的文件夹将会被大量的依赖瓶污染，使其不在组织中）或使用maven-shade-plugin将这些依赖关系合并到输出罐中。