与英特尔编译器和MKL构建Numpy - CentOS 7

Question

目前，我正在尝试在CentOS 7上使用英特尔编译器为英特尔MKL构建Numpy-1.9.1。我已安装英特尔Parallel XE Studio 2015 C++和Fortran for Linux，并且我的终端我可以同时使用'icc'和'ifort'命令，它们都没有问题。我也运行：

$ source /opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/bin/compilervars.sh intel64

按照本指南从英特尔的网页做正是我想要做的事：https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/numpyscipy-with-intel-mkl，我已经试图建立numpy的使用这个命令：

$ sudo python setup.py config --compiler=intelem build_clib --compiler=intelem build_ext --compiler=intelem install

生成的消息是：

Running from numpy source directory. 
/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'test_suite' 
    warnings.warn(msg) 
non-existing path in 'numpy/f2py': 'docs' 
non-existing path in 'numpy/f2py': 'f2py.1' 
F2PY Version 2 
blas_opt_info: 
blas_mkl_info: 
    FOUND: 
    libraries = ['mkl_rt', 'pthread'] 
    library_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/lib/intel64'] 
    define_macros = [('SCIPY_MKL_H', None)] 
    include_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/include'] 

    FOUND: 
    libraries = ['mkl_rt', 'pthread'] 
    library_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/lib/intel64'] 
    define_macros = [('SCIPY_MKL_H', None)] 
    include_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/include'] 

non-existing path in 'numpy/lib': 'benchmarks' 
lapack_opt_info: 
openblas_lapack_info: 
    libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib64', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib64', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/'] 
    NOT AVAILABLE 

lapack_mkl_info: 
mkl_info: 
    FOUND: 
    libraries = ['mkl_rt', 'pthread'] 
    library_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/lib/intel64'] 
    define_macros = [('SCIPY_MKL_H', None)] 
    include_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/include'] 

    FOUND: 
    libraries = ['mkl_rt', 'pthread'] 
    library_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/lib/intel64'] 
    define_macros = [('SCIPY_MKL_H', None)] 
    include_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/include'] 

    FOUND: 
    libraries = ['mkl_rt', 'pthread'] 
    library_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/lib/intel64'] 
    define_macros = [('SCIPY_MKL_H', None)] 
    include_dirs = ['/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/mkl/include'] 

/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros' 
    warnings.warn(msg) 
running config 
running build_clib 
running build_src 
build_src 
building py_modules sources 
building library "npymath" sources 
Could not locate executable icc 
Could not locate executable ecc 
customize Gnu95FCompiler 
Found executable /usr/bin/gfortran 
customize Gnu95FCompiler 
customize Gnu95FCompiler using config 
C compiler: icc -O3 -g -fPIC -fp-model strict -fomit-frame-pointer -openmp -xhost 

compile options: '-Inumpy/core/src/private -Inumpy/core/src -Inumpy/core -Inumpy/core/src/npymath -Inumpy/core/src/multiarray -Inumpy/core/src/umath -Inumpy/core/src/npysort -Inumpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c' 
icc: _configtest.c 
sh: icc: command not found 
sh: icc: command not found 
failure. 
removing: _configtest.c _configtest.o 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "setup.py", line 251, in <module> 
    setup_package() 
    File "setup.py", line 243, in setup_package 
    setup(**metadata) 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup 
    return old_setup(**new_attr) 
    File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup 
    dist.run_commands() 
    File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands 
    self.run_command(cmd) 
    File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command 
    cmd_obj.run() 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_clib.py", line 63, in run 
    self.run_command('build_src') 
    File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command 
    self.distribution.run_command(command) 
    File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command 
    cmd_obj.run() 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 153, in run 
    self.build_sources() 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 164, in build_sources 
    self.build_library_sources(*libname_info) 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 299, in build_library_sources 
    sources = self.generate_sources(sources, (lib_name, build_info)) 
    File "/home/myles/Downloads/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 386, in generate_sources 
    source = func(extension, build_dir) 
    File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 686, in get_mathlib_info 
    raise RuntimeError("Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program") 
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program 

我使用的CentOS 7一这是我的操作系统。看起来由于某种原因，构建脚本找不到icc。

我需要使用英特尔编译器进行numpy编译，因为从我收集的内容来看，我需要使用英特尔编译器和英特尔MKL进行numpy编译，才能自动卸载到至强皮肤。如果有人为自动卸载到Xeon Phi而构建了numpy，或者在这个问题上使用英特尔编译器创建numpy，我将很感激修复这个错误的输入。

Answer 1

在Unix/Linux系统中，sudo命令（小号 UPER ù SER DO）被设置为使用为root用户定义的环境变量，而不是用户运行该命令。如果您将程序安装在非标准位置，则需要使用超级用户权限运行，否则可能会导致问题。例如，在OS X系统上（运行在BSD Unix上），默认情况下，环境变量中不包含/usr/local/bin。您可以设置您的用户帐户以将此目录包含在您的PATH中，但如果您尝试将sudo与该程序一起使用，则不会找到它，除非您修改root的环境（或系统环境）以包含/usr/local/bin在PATH。

这可能是您问题的原因。 icc和ifort位于（IIRC）/opt/intel/bin和/或/opt/intel/composer_xe_2015/bin（其中一个可能符号链接到另一个），并且您至少已将其中一个目录添加到您的$PATH环境变量中，但在使用sudo执行构建命令，程序没有被找到。为了解决这个问题，不要使用sudo构建。首先，以清除任何剩余的临时文件，运行

sudo make clean 

然后运行

python setup.py config --compiler=intelem 

，确认一切设置正确。接下来，运行

python setup.py build_clib --compiler=intelem build_ext --compiler=intelem 

建立一切。如果没有任何错误成功，则可以选择运行

python setup.py test 

（我不认为你需要的compiler论据这一目标）来验证构建，然后运行

sudo python setup.py install 

安装一切在您系统的site-packages目录中。由于site-packages归root所有，此处需要sudo。