Dyanmic队列优先，添加功能不起作用

Question

这是我如何实现一个队列链接队列。由于add函数工作不正常，我无法测试其他函数，除了似乎正在工作的new_queue外。

#include <stdlib.h> 

struct Qelement { 
    struct Qelement *next; 
    int prio; 
    const char *dataptr; 
}; 

typedef struct Qelement *Queue; 

// creates an empty queue 
Queue new_queue() 
{ 
     Queue q = (Queue)malloc(sizeof(struct Qelement)); 
     q->next = NULL; 
     q->prio = 0; 
     q->dataptr = NULL;  
     return q; 
} 

// removes the queue and all its elements 
void delete_queue (Queue q) 
{ 
     Queue tmp; 
     while (q->next != NULL) 
     { 
       tmp = q->next; 
       free (q); 
       q = tmp; 
     } 

     free(q); 
} 

// emmpties queue 
void clear (Queue q) 
{ 
     Queue tmp; 
     while (q->next != NULL) 
     { 
       tmp = q->next; 
       free (q); 
       q = tmp; 
     } 

     q->next = NULL; 
     q->prio = 0; 
     q->dataptr = NULL; 
} 

// get length of queue 
int size (Queue q) 
{ 
     Queue orginal = q; 

     int length = 0; 
     while (q->next != NULL) 
     { 
       ++length; 
       q = q->next; 
     } 

     ++length; 
     q = orginal; 

     return length; 
} 

// add an element to queue 
void add (Queue q, int priority, Datatyp *d) 
{ 
     Queue tmp; 
     Queue previous = q; 

     Queue element = (Queue)malloc (sizeof(struct Qelement)); 
     element->next = NULL; 
     element->prio = priority; 
     element->dataptr = d; 

     if (priority > previous->prio) 
     { 
       tmp = q; 
       q = element; 
       element->next = tmp;   
     } 
     else 
     { 
       if (previous->next != NULL) 
       { 
         while (priority <= previous->next->prio) 
         { 
           previous = previous->next; 
         } 

         previous->next = element; 
         element->next = previous->next->next; 
       } 
       else 
       { 
         //previous->next = element; 
       } 
     } 
} 

// return first element 
Datatyp *get_first (Queue q) 
{ 
     return q->dataptr; 
} 

// removes first element 
void remove_first(Queue q) 
{ 
     Queue tmp = q->next; 
     q = q->next; 
     free(tmp); 
} 

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { 
    const char *daniel = "Daniel"; 
    const char *lisa = "Lisa"; 
    const char *a[] = {"Kalle", "Olle", "Eva", lisa, "Stina", 
         "Peter", "Anna", daniel, "Johan", "Maria"}; 
    const int correctOrder1[] = {3, 7, 2, 6, 1, 5, 9, 0, 4, 8 }; 
    const int correctOrder2[] = {5, 4, 7, 3, 6}; 

    Queue q = new_queue(); 
    int i; 

    for (i=0; i<10; i++) { 
     add(q, i%4, a[i]); 
    } 

    printf("Size = %d\n\n", size(q)); // says 1, should say 10 
    ... 
} 

最后一个printf，在main函数中是1，所以我认为add部分工作不正常。任何指针？

Answer 1

在功能add，你需要传递一个Queue*，实际上为了改变它的功能外：

void add (Queue* q, int priority, Datatyp *d) 
{ 
    ... 
    Queue previous = *q; 
    ... 
    if (priority > previous->prio) 
    { 
     tmp = *q; 
     *q = element; 
     element->next = tmp;   
    } 
    ... 
} 

然后，在功能main，你需要调用add(&q, i%4, a[i])而不是add(q, i%4, a[i])。

顺便说一句，你有任何其他功能试图改变q相同的问题！

因此，解决此问题的另一种方法是将Queue q声明为全局变量，而不是将其传递给每个函数。但这会阻止你使用几个不同的队列当然...