Virtualenv venv失败，出现以下错误

Question

我是Python开发新手，我试图在项目目录中安装virtualenv。

不过，我有以下错误：

Installing collected packages: pip, setuptools 

    Exception: 
    Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 232, in main 
     status = self.run(options, args) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/commands/install.py", line 347, in run 
     root=options.root_path, 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_set.py", line 549, in install 
     **kwargs 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 754, in install 
     self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 963, in move_wheel_files 
     isolated=self.isolated, 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/wheel.py", line 234, in move_wheel_files 
     clobber(source, lib_dir, True) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/wheel.py", line 212, in clobber 
     shutil.copyfile(srcfile, destfile) 
    File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 82, in copyfile 
     with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst: 
    IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py' 

---------------------------------------- 
...Installing setuptools, pip...done. 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/usr/local/bin/virtualenv", line 11, in <module> 
    sys.exit(main()) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 825, in main 
    symlink=options.symlink) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 993, in create_environment 
    install_wheel(to_install, py_executable, search_dirs) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 961, in install_wheel 
    'PIP_NO_INDEX': '1' 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 903, in call_subprocess 
    % (cmd_desc, proc.returncode)) 
OSError: Command /Users/alexandrurada...oard/venv/bin/python -c "import sys, pip; sys...d\"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip failed with error code 2 

我安装PIP与

easy_install pip

然后我安装的virtualenv与

pip install virtualenv

没有任何错误。不过，我仍然得到这个。我不想用sudo尝试它。我是不是该？

更新：我安装了sudo，我摆脱了这个错误。但是另外一个尝试与PIP安装的东西时：

air:dashboard alexandrurada$ pip install flask 

-bash：在/ usr/local/bin目录/ PIP： “path_here”：坏的解释：没有这样的文件或目录

更新2：之前的错误是因为目录名称中有空格。看起来路径不适用于这些名称。

反正，现在我得到的错误是

File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 7, in <module> 
    from pip import main 
ImportError: No module named pip 

我检查了我的/ usr/local/bin目录/画中画和文件是否存在。

Answer 1

您需要sudo pip install virtualenv全球安装virtualenv。当设置你的virtualenvs时，确保你在试图安装前，确保你没有使用sudo并且你激活你的virtualenv。

[Errno 13] Permission denied:表示您没有写入权限。

Answer 2

安装较新版本的pip并避免使用easy_install。

下载点子来自：https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

，然后在其上运行的Python：

$ python get-pip.py 

如果你想安装pip为全局路径，你可能要运行使用sudo去年命令。在不使用sudo的情况下，pip将被安装以供任何Python解释器在您的路径中使用。

从这里，你可以用PIP安装的virtualenv：

$ pip install virtualenv 

从你的反应，好像你想通过让您的系统在已知状态下提供最好的服务：下载该文件，然后运行sudo python get-pip.py所以你正在运行一个已知的pip安装。