附加cookie请求

我试图从Castorama网站上获得工具的价格。但到目前为止，我在建设正确的请求方面遇到了问题。附加cookie请求

http://www.castorama.pl/produkty/narzedzia-i-artykuly/elektronarzedzia-przenosne-i-akcesoria/szlifierki-i-polerki/szlifierki-oscylacyjne/szlifierka-oscylacyjna-pp-110w.html

不幸的是，这并不容易。价格取决于商店的本地化。在获得价格之前，您需要定义您的商店本地化。在网站上，我点击'ZOBACZ CENĘ'（右边是一个黄色框）。稍后我在中间字段f.e中填写我的邮政编码。 '05-123'并点击右侧的'SZUKAJ PO KODZIE'按钮。最后，我在弹出框中点击黄色弹出按钮'USTAW'。

感谢它我越来越想要产品的价格。我想用scrappy复制这种行为。要在Chrome开发人员工具中这样做，我选中了网络标签和XHR标签，以确定负责获取价格的请求。我认为正确的是'getProductPriceStockByStore/'。

请求

URL:http://www.castorama.pl/bold_all/data/getProductPriceStockByStore/ 
Request Method:POST 
Status Code:200 OK 
Remote Address:109.205.50.98:80

请求头

Accept:text/javascript, text/html, application/xml, text/xml, */* 
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate 
Accept-Language:en-GB,en;q=0.8,pl;q=0.6 
Connection:keep-alive 
Content-Length:39 
Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8 
Cookie:selected_shop_flag=3; CACHED_FRONT_FORM_KEY=2MxQx5N1GeBOoDFl; localizationPopup=1; selected_shop=1; selected_shop_store_view=8002; bold_wishlist=3lg7qtm3teba7s1sbfg77hi352; frontend=3lg7qtm3teba7s1sbfg77hi352; VIEWED_PRODUCT_IDS=30052; cSID_VM=1460629378710; _ga=GA1.2.91284606.1460626559; _ceg.s=o5mcub; _ceg.u=o5mcub; _dc_gtm_UA-27193958-1=1 
Host:www.castorama.pl 
Origin:http://www.castorama.pl 
Referer:http://www.castorama.pl/produkty/narzedzia-i-artykuly/elektronarzedzia-przenosne-i-akcesoria/szlifierki-i-polerki/szlifierki-oscylacyjne/szlifierka-oscylacyjna-pp-110w.html 
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Ubuntu Chromium/49.0.2623.108 Chrome/49.0.2623.108 Safari/537.36

表单数据：

isAjax:true 
product_id:30052 
store:8002

响应：

{"products":{"30052":{"price":"93.98","qty":"7.00","stock_status":1,"html":"in"}},"store":"8002","templates":{"in":"<span><span class=\"in-stock\">Dost\u0119pny<\/span><\/span>","out":"<span><span class=\"out-of-stock\">Niedost\u0119pny<\/span><\/span>","phone":"<span><span class=\"low-stock\">Na zam\u00f3wienie<\/span><\/span>","backorder":"<span><span class=\"backorder-stock\">Na zam\u00f3wienie<\/span><\/span>"},"status":true}

因此，我转向Scrapy实施该问题的解决方案。我决定创建一个附带了从上面类似这样的标题来请求cookie的POST请求：

import scrapy 
from Castorama.items import CastoramaItem 

class DmozSpider(scrapy.Spider): 
    name = "Castorama" 
    allowed_domains = ["castorama.pl"] 
    start_urls = ["http://www.castorama.pl/bold_all/data/getProductPriceStockByStore/"] 

    def start_Request(self): 

     req=scrapy.Request(start_urls[0] 
      , method='POST' 
      , cookies ={'selected_shop_flag':3, 
       'CACHED_FRONT_FORM_KEY':'2MxQx5N1GeBOoDFl', 
       'selected_shop':1, 
       'selected_shop_flag':3, 
       'selected_shop_store_view':8002, 
       'VIEWED_PRODUCT_IDS':30052, 
       'frontend':'3lg7qtm3teba7s1sbfg77hi352', 
       'cSID_VM':1460626558358} 
      ,callback='Rozkoduj' 
      ) 
     yield req 

    def Rozkoduj(self, response): 
     print response.body

但我这个代码相当不成功。我的控制台日志：

2016-04-14 12:54:09 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 1.0.5 started (bot: Castorama) 
2016-04-14 12:54:09 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, boto 
2016-04-14 12:54:09 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'Castorama.spiders', 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['Castorama.spiders'], 'BOT_NAME': 'Castorama'} 
2016-04-14 12:54:09 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: CloseSpider, TelnetConsole, LogStats, CoreStats, SpiderState 
2016-04-14 12:54:09 [boto] DEBUG: Retrieving credentials from metadata server. 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [boto] ERROR: Caught exception reading instance data 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/utils.py", line 210, in retry_url 
    r = opener.open(req, timeout=timeout) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 431, in open 
    response = self._open(req, data) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 449, in _open 
    '_open', req) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain 
    result = func(*args) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1227, in http_open 
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1197, in do_open 
    raise URLError(err) 
URLError: <urlopen error timed out> 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [boto] ERROR: Unable to read instance data, giving up 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMiddleware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMiddleware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLengthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Spider opened 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min) 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.castorama.pl/bold_all/data/getProductPriceStockByStore/> (referer: None) 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] ERROR: Spider error processing <GET http://www.castorama.pl/bold_all/data/getProductPriceStockByStore/> (referer: None) 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 588, in _runCallbacks 
    current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw) 
    File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/spiders/__init__.py", line 76, in parse 
    raise NotImplementedError 
NotImplementedError 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Closing spider (finished) 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats: 
{'downloader/request_bytes': 256, 
'downloader/request_count': 1, 
'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1, 
'downloader/response_bytes': 311, 
'downloader/response_count': 1, 
'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1, 
'finish_reason': 'finished', 
'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2016, 4, 14, 10, 54, 10, 776463), 
'log_count/DEBUG': 3, 
'log_count/ERROR': 3, 
'log_count/INFO': 7, 
'response_received_count': 1, 
'scheduler/dequeued': 1, 
'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1, 
'scheduler/enqueued': 1, 
'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1, 
'spider_exceptions/NotImplementedError': 1, 
'start_time': datetime.datetime(2016, 4, 14, 10, 54, 10, 477689)} 
2016-04-14 12:54:10 [scrapy] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

这里是我最后的问题。我的方法是否正确？我应该如何在上面的代码中尝试将这个cookie附加到请求中？或者我应该尝试完全不同的方式。最终，如果我要朝正确的方向发展，应该在代码中更改哪些内容以创建适当的请求？

非常感谢您的帮助。

Pawel Miech更正后的蜘蛛更新版本。这是更好的，因为请求工作，但仍然没有得到适当的回应。

import scrapy 
from Castorama.items import CastoramaItem 

class DmozSpider(scrapy.Spider): 
    name = "Castorama" 
    allowed_domains = ["castorama.pl"] 
    start_urls=['http://www.castorama.pl'] 

    def parse(self, response): 
     start_urls = ["http://www.castorama.pl/bold_all/data/getProductPriceStockByStore/"] 
     req=scrapy.Request(start_urls[0] 
      , method='POST' 
      , cookies ={'selected_shop_flag':3, 
       'CACHED_FRONT_FORM_KEY':'2MxQx5N1GeBOoDFl', 
       'selected_shop':1, 
       'selected_shop_flag':3, 
       'selected_shop_store_view':8002, 
       'VIEWED_PRODUCT_IDS':30052, 
       'frontend':'3lg7qtm3teba7s1sbfg77hi352', 
       'cSID_VM':1460626558358} 
      ,callback=self.rozkoduj 
      ) 
     yield req 

    def rozkoduj(self, response): 
     print '>>>>>>>>>' 
     print response.body

来源

2016-04-14 michalk

Scrapy请求是异步的。每个请求必须有回调。如果没有回调，则将其设置为spider.parse方法。如果没有spider.parse方法你得到NotImplementedError你看到在这个堆栈跟踪：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
     File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 588, in _runCallbacks 
     current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw) 
     File "/home/michal/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/spiders/__init__.py", line 76, in parse 
     raise NotImplementedError 
    NotImplementedError

所以用添加适量回调到您的文章开始（必须是参考蜘蛛方法，而不是字符串，如self.rozkoduj和不是“Rozkoduj”）。

Urlopen错误是从boto发送的，如果您没有配置s3，它会发出丑陋的消息，但可能会被忽略，直到有人在Scrapy核心中修复了此故障单。

这是我最后的问题。我的方法是否正确？我应该如何在上面的代码中尝试将这个cookie附加到请求中？

答案与往常一样：取决于。如果你只关心发送一个请求的cookie，你的方法是正确的。但是如果你想要有这些cookies在所有请求从蜘蛛发送，包括从你的POST回调发出的请求，那么你必须添加cookie到cookiejar。在cookiejar设置cookie是unfortunantely不是很容易，有票进行这种简单的在这里：https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues/1878

在简而言之设置cookie来cookiejar是沿着线做一些事情（这是所有伪，只有指针）的事情：

# must be cookielib.Cookie object 
# must pass all kwargs for cookielib.Cookie 
cookie = Cookie(**kwargs) 
# get cookiejar object it is stored in cookie middleware 
all_mw = spider.crawler.engine.downloader.middleware.middlewares 
# find cookie middleware there 
cookiejar = cookie_middleware._cookiejars[None] 
cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie)

来源

2016-04-14 12:23:32

谢谢您的输入。我只想第一次使用它，暂时我不需要在这种情况下使用cookiejar。但我认为cookie/request被错误地定义或者是其他的，因为我得到了一个空的响应。我把最新的代码放在我的问题的底部。 – michalk

你没有发送任何POST数据。如果你的开发工具分析是正确的，你也应该发送这三个表单密钥。你想尽可能地模仿浏览器（一些标题会被设置，有些不重要，但一些浏览器标题可能很重要）。 Scrapy具有表单请求的FormRequest类，它将为您设置contentt类型。 –

附加cookie请求

回答

相关问题