java发送使用机器人类击键

Question

我知道有可能在java中使用Robot类发送击键，但有什么方法可以在目标进程已经启动时指定目标进程吗？

Answer 1

机器人将发送击键到任何应用程序窗口在上面。要将击键发送到特定目标，您需要先将目标设置为平台的前景窗口。这样做可能需要本地代码，例如JNI提供的或我使用的JNA。如果你想发送击键到背景窗口，我相信你不能使用机器人，你将不得不编写本地代码。当然，所有本地代码解决方案都将取决于平台。

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你问：

请你给我如何与JNA做
对不起一些更多的细节，我写的Windows

对于Windows，你会与user32.dll库连接。像这样的东西为我工作：

User32.java

import com.sun.jna.Native; 
import com.sun.jna.Pointer; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.BaseTSD.LONG_PTR; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef.HWND; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef.RECT; 
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary; 

/** 
* JNA interface with Window's user32.dll 
* 
* @author Pete S 
* 
*/ 
public interface User32 extends StdCallLibrary { 
    User32 INSTANCE = (User32) Native.loadLibrary("user32", User32.class); 

    interface WNDENUMPROC extends StdCallCallback { 
     boolean callback(Pointer hWnd, Pointer arg); 
    } 

    public static final int GW_OWNER = 4; // used with GetWindow to get win owner 
    public static final int GW_HWNDNEXT = 2; // used with GetNextWindow 
    public static final int GA_ROOT = 2; // used with GetAncestor 
    public static final int GWL_EXSTYLE = -20; // used with GetWindowLong 
    public static final long WS_EX_APPWINDOW = 0x00040000L; 
    public static final Pointer HWND_TOP = new Pointer(0L); // used with 
                  // SetWindowPos 

    boolean EnumWindows(WNDENUMPROC lpEnumFunc, Pointer userData); 

    int GetWindowTextA(Pointer hWnd, byte[] lpString, int nMaxCount); 

    int SetForegroundWindow(Pointer hWnd); 

    Pointer GetForegroundWindow(); 

    boolean GetWindowRect(Pointer hWnd, RECT rect); 

    boolean SetWindowPos(Pointer hWnd, Pointer hWndInsertAfter, int x, int y, 
     int cx, int cy, int uFlags); 

    boolean MoveWindow(Pointer hWnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, boolean bRepaint); 

    boolean IsWindow(Pointer hWnd); 

    Pointer GetWindow(Pointer hWnd, int uCmd); 

    LONG_PTR GetWindowLongPtr(HWND hWnd, int nIndex); 

    Pointer GetParent(Pointer hWnd); 

    Pointer GetAncestor(Pointer hWnd, int gaFlags); 

    boolean IsWindowVisible(Pointer hWnd); 
} 

JnaUtil.java

import java.awt.AWTException; 
import java.awt.Rectangle; 
import java.awt.Robot; 
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.List; 

import javax.swing.ImageIcon; 
import javax.swing.JLabel; 
import javax.swing.JOptionPane; 
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities; 

import com.sun.jna.Native; 
import com.sun.jna.Pointer; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.BaseTSD.LONG_PTR; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef.HWND; 
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef.RECT; 

/** 
* static methods to allow Java to call Windows code. user32.dll code is as 
* specified in the JNA interface User32.java 
* 
* @author Pete S 
* 
*/ 
public class JnaUtil { 
    private static final User32 user32 = User32.INSTANCE; 
    private static Pointer callBackHwnd; 

    public static boolean windowExists(final String startOfWindowName) { 
     return !user32.EnumWindows(new User32.WNDENUMPROC() { 
     @Override 
     public boolean callback(Pointer hWnd, Pointer userData) { 
      byte[] windowText = new byte[512]; 
      user32.GetWindowTextA(hWnd, windowText, 512); 
      String wText = Native.toString(windowText).trim(); 

      if (!wText.isEmpty() && wText.startsWith(startOfWindowName)) { 
       return false; 
      } 
      return true; 
     } 
     }, null); 
    } 

    public static List<String> getAllWindowNames() { 
     final List<String> windowNames = new ArrayList<String>(); 
     user32.EnumWindows(new User32.WNDENUMPROC() { 

     @Override 
     public boolean callback(Pointer hWnd, Pointer arg) { 
      byte[] windowText = new byte[512]; 
      user32.GetWindowTextA(hWnd, windowText, 512); 
      String wText = Native.toString(windowText).trim(); 
      if (!wText.isEmpty()) { 
       windowNames.add(wText); 
      } 
      return true; 
     } 
     }, null); 

     return windowNames; 
    } 

    public static boolean windowExists(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.IsWindow(hWnd); 
    } 

    public static Pointer getWinHwnd(final String startOfWindowName) { 
     callBackHwnd = null; 

     user32.EnumWindows(new User32.WNDENUMPROC() { 
     @Override 
     public boolean callback(Pointer hWnd, Pointer userData) { 
      byte[] windowText = new byte[512]; 
      user32.GetWindowTextA(hWnd, windowText, 512); 
      String wText = Native.toString(windowText).trim(); 

      if (!wText.isEmpty() && wText.startsWith(startOfWindowName)) { 
       callBackHwnd = hWnd; 
       return false; 
      } 
      return true; 
     } 
     }, null); 
     return callBackHwnd; 
    } 

    public static boolean setForegroundWindow(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.SetForegroundWindow(hWnd) != 0; 
    } 

    public static Pointer getForegroundWindow() { 
     return user32.GetForegroundWindow(); 
    } 

    public static String getForegroundWindowText() { 
     Pointer hWnd = getForegroundWindow(); 
     int nMaxCount = 512; 
     byte[] lpString = new byte[nMaxCount]; 
     int getWindowTextResult = user32 
      .GetWindowTextA(hWnd, lpString, nMaxCount); 
     if (getWindowTextResult == 0) { 
     return ""; 
     } 

     return Native.toString(lpString); 
    } 

    public static boolean isForegroundWindow(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.GetForegroundWindow().equals(hWnd); 
    } 

    public static boolean setForegroundWindow(String startOfWindowName) { 
     Pointer hWnd = getWinHwnd(startOfWindowName); 
     return user32.SetForegroundWindow(hWnd) != 0; 
    } 

    public static Rectangle getWindowRect(Pointer hWnd) throws JnaUtilException { 
     if (hWnd == null) { 
     throw new JnaUtilException(
       "Failed to getWindowRect since Pointer hWnd is null"); 
     } 
     Rectangle result = null; 
     RECT rect = new RECT(); 
     boolean rectOK = user32.GetWindowRect(hWnd, rect); 
     if (rectOK) { 
     int x = rect.left; 
     int y = rect.top; 
     int width = rect.right - rect.left; 
     int height = rect.bottom - rect.top; 
     result = new Rectangle(x, y, width, height); 
     } 

     return result; 
    } 

    /** 
    * set window at x and y position with w and h width. Set on top of z-order 
    * 
    * @param hWnd 
    * @param x 
    * @param y 
    * @param w 
    * @param h 
    * @return boolean -- did it work? 
    */ 
    public static boolean setWindowPos(Pointer hWnd, int x, int y, int w, int h) { 
     int uFlags = 0; 
     return user32.SetWindowPos(hWnd, User32.HWND_TOP, x, y, w, h, uFlags); 
    } 

    public static boolean moveWindow(Pointer hWnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, 
     int nHeight) { 
     boolean bRepaint = true; 
     return user32.MoveWindow(hWnd, x, y, nWidth, nHeight, bRepaint); 
    } 

    public static Rectangle getWindowRect(String startOfWindowName) 
     throws JnaUtilException { 
     Pointer hWnd = getWinHwnd(startOfWindowName); 
     if (hWnd != null) { 
     return getWindowRect(hWnd); 
     } else { 
     throw new JnaUtilException("Failed to getWindowRect for \"" 
       + startOfWindowName + "\""); 
     } 
    } 

    public static Pointer getWindow(Pointer hWnd, int uCmd) { 
     return user32.GetWindow(hWnd, uCmd); 
    } 

    public static String getWindowText(Pointer hWnd) { 
     int nMaxCount = 512; 
     byte[] lpString = new byte[nMaxCount]; 
     int result = user32.GetWindowTextA(hWnd, lpString, nMaxCount); 
     if (result == 0) { 
     return ""; 
     } 
     return Native.toString(lpString); 
    } 

    public static Pointer getOwnerWindow(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.GetWindow(hWnd, User32.GW_OWNER); 
    } 

    public static String getOwnerWindow(String childTitle) { 
     Pointer hWnd = getWinHwnd(childTitle); 
     Pointer parentHWnd = getOwnerWindow(hWnd); 
     if (parentHWnd == null) { 
     return ""; 
     } 
     return getWindowText(parentHWnd); 

    } 

    public static Pointer getNextWindow(Pointer hWnd) { 
     if (hWnd == null) { 
     return null; 
     } 

     return user32.GetWindow(hWnd, User32.GW_HWNDNEXT); 
    } 

    public static boolean isWindowVisible(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.IsWindowVisible(hWnd); 
    } 

    public static Pointer getParent(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.GetParent(hWnd); 
    } 

    public static Pointer getRoot(Pointer hWnd) { 
     return user32.GetAncestor(hWnd, User32.GA_ROOT); 
    } 

    public static LONG_PTR getWindowLongPtr(Pointer hWndP, int nIndex) { 
     HWND hwnd = new HWND(hWndP); 
     return user32.GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, nIndex); 
    } 

    // main method to test the library 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { 
     List<String> winNameList = getAllWindowNames(); 
     for (String winName : winNameList) { 
     System.out.println(winName); 
     } 

     String[] testStrs = { "Untitled-Notepad", "Untitled - Notepad", 
      "Untitled - Notepad", "Java-Epic", "Java - Epic", "Fubars rule!", 
      "The First Night", "New Tab", "Citrix X", "EHR PROD - SVC" }; 
     for (String testStr : testStrs) { 
     Pointer hWnd = getWinHwnd(testStr); 
     boolean isWindow = windowExists(hWnd); 
     System.out.printf("%-22s %5b %16s %b%n", testStr, 
       windowExists(testStr), hWnd, isWindow); 
     } 

     String notePad = "Untitled - Notepad"; 
     Pointer hWnd = getWinHwnd(notePad); 
     System.out 
      .println("is it foreground window? " + isForegroundWindow(hWnd)); 
     boolean foo = setForegroundWindow(notePad); 
     System.out.println("foregroundwindow: " + foo); 
     Thread.sleep(400); 
     System.out 
      .println("is it foreground window? " + isForegroundWindow(hWnd)); 
     Thread.sleep(1000); 
     System.out.println("here A"); 
     try { 
     Rectangle rect = getWindowRect(notePad); 
     System.out.println("rect: " + rect); 
     Robot robot = new Robot(); 
     System.out.println("here B"); 

     BufferedImage img = robot.createScreenCapture(rect); 
     System.out.println("here C, img is " + img); 
     Thread.sleep(500); 
     ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(img); 
     System.out.println("here D. icon is null? " + icon); 
     Thread.sleep(500); 
     final JLabel label = new JLabel(icon); 
     System.out.println("here E. label is null? " + label); 
     Thread.sleep(500); 
     SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
      public void run() { 
       System.out.println("here F");    
       JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, label); 
       System.out.println("here G"); 
      } 
     }); 

     } catch (AWTException e) { 
     e.printStackTrace(); 
     } catch (JnaUtilException e) { 
     e.printStackTrace(); 
     } 
    } 

} 

JnaUtilException.java

public class JnaUtilException extends Exception { 
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 

    public JnaUtilException(String text) { 
     super(text); 
    } 

}