在R中绘制顺序（时间序列）数据的子集

我有一个类似于下面的数据框叫做df。我想绘制这些数据的子集，从May 2012到June 2014。我一直在使用绘图功能来绘制整个数据框，但是，当我将它分成绘图的子集时，无论选择哪部分数据，我都会得到相同的绘图。在R中绘制顺序（时间序列）数据的子集

 Jan  Feb  Mar  Apr  May  Jun  Jul  Aug  Sep  Oct  Nov  Dec 
2011  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA 13.724575 13.670017 13.782099 13.675788 13.442914 13.279969 
2012 13.114463 13.021268 12.999545 12.990171 12.898018 12.611495 12.311641 12.126345 11.974871 12.019042 12.163618 12.304660 
2013 12.374017 12.365795 12.323280 12.377747 12.462203 12.630298 12.780495 12.848942 12.806210 12.860463 12.838953 12.608965 
2014 12.616257 12.720611 12.841626 12.897939 13.008535 13.136377 13.159393 13.290928 13.495218 13.636360 13.797778 13.827273 
2015 13.662063 13.527596 13.568430 13.782818 13.889276 13.971303 14.181846 14.329937 14.385533 14.289386 14.222535 14.384618 
2016 14.516674 14.759385 14.951384 14.763781 14.536779 13.978265 12.888989 11.612033 10.362592 9.205528 8.649027 8.662219 
2017 8.614229 8.446361 8.239606 8.286693 8.498938 8.972903  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA

我目前的代码看起来类似于下面（剥离非必需品，如x和y标签）。

dates <- seq(as.Date("2011-01-01"), by = "months", length = 84) 
plot(dates, df, type = "l")

我该如何修改它只绘制某些部分？

我会OK与切换到ggplot2过，但似乎给我怪异的结果，所以我坚持了plot()（也许这是因为它是一个时间序列数据帧？我不知道）。

来源

2017-08-15 dward4

您需要获取数据的子集。另外，我会将数据帧的格式转换为长格式，这样更容易处理，特别是绘图/可视化的目的。

#long format with many rows instead of many columns 
library(reshape2) 
long <- melt(df, id.vars = c("Year")) 

#add a column with actual dates instead year and month in different columns 
long$date <- as.Date(with(long,paste(variable,"15",Year,sep = "-")), "%b-%d-%Y") 

#take the subset of the data for May 2012 to June 2014 
Date1 <- as.Date("2012-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d") 
Date2 <- as.Date("2014-06-30", "%Y-%m-%d") 
subdf <- long[long$date < Date2 & long$date > Date1,] 

#use ggplot2 as it provides us nice labels and theme for timeseries by default 
library(ggplot2) 
ggplot(data=subdf, aes(date,value)) + geom_line()

enter image description here

数据：

df <- structure(list(Year = 2011:2017, Jan = c(NA, 13.114463, 12.374017, 
     12.616257, 13.662063, 14.516674, 8.614229), Feb = c(NA, 13.021268, 
     12.365795, 12.720611, 13.527596, 14.759385, 8.446361), Mar = c(NA, 
     12.999545, 12.32328, 12.841626, 13.56843, 14.951384, 8.239606 
    ), Apr = c(NA, 12.990171, 12.377747, 12.897939, 13.782818, 14.763781, 
     8.286693), May = c(NA, 12.898018, 12.462203, 13.008535, 13.889276, 
     14.536779, 8.498938), Jun = c(NA, 12.611495, 12.630298, 13.136377, 
     13.971303, 13.978265, 8.972903), Jul = c(13.724575, 12.311641, 
     12.780495, 13.159393, 14.181846, 12.888989, NA), Aug = c(13.670017, 
     12.126345, 12.848942, 13.290928, 14.329937, 11.612033, NA), Sep = c(13.782099, 
     11.974871, 12.80621, 13.495218, 14.385533, 10.362592, NA), Oct = c(13.675788, 
     12.019042, 12.860463, 13.63636, 14.289386, 9.205528, NA), Nov = c(13.442914, 
     12.163618, 12.838953, 13.797778, 14.222535, 8.649027, NA), Dec = c(13.279969, 
     12.30466, 12.608965, 13.827273, 14.384618, 8.662219, NA)), .Names = c("Year", 
     "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", 
     "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -7L))

重整的数据，以长格式：

head(long) 

# Year variable value  date 
# 1 2011  Jan  NA 2011-01-15 
# 2 2012  Jan 13.11446 2012-01-15 
# 3 2013  Jan 12.37402 2013-01-15 
# 4 2014  Jan 12.61626 2014-01-15 
# 5 2015  Jan 13.66206 2015-01-15 
# 6 2016  Jan 14.51667 2016-01-15

来源

2017-08-15 15:30:29 Masoud

谢谢，这看起来不错。一个后续问题，在你创建日期的新列的那一行中，代码'long $ date < - as.Date（with（long，paste（variable ...）'，等等，变量是什么？ – dward4

@ dward4以长格式显示所有月份的列（正如你可以在我的回答结尾处看到的那样），'melt'创建一个名为'variable'的新列，它具有列名称（在这种情况下，几个月），查看'melt（df，id.vars = c（“Year”））'的输出 – Masoud

在R中绘制顺序（时间序列）数据的子集

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