CMake无法找到boost_asio

Question

我想在我的新C++项目中安装和使用Boost 1.60.0。 （我使用Ubuntu，CLion和CMake开发和构建）。

我做了什么？

1. 我从网站上的link provided下载了Boost。
2. 提取到/devenv/boost160（/devenv/boost160是根，以后我改名为原来的文件夹）
3. 我跑./bootstrap.sh从/devenv/boost160（一切正常;根据自己的official documentation，不带参数运行此，需要输出为/usr/local），它进展顺利。
4. 我创建了一个CLION项目并将以下内容添加到CMakeLists.txt。

---

set(BOOST_ROOT /usr/local/include/boost) 
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR /usr/local/lib) 
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREAD ON) 
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON) 
set(Boost_DEBUG ON) 

find_package(Boost 1.60.0 REQUIRED COMPONENTS asio date_time) 
IF (Boost_FOUND) 
    include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR}) 
endif() 

---

我跑了克利翁的建立命令，我得到了下面的输出，基本上说，这是无法找到boost_asio。

---

/devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/bin/cmake --build /home/victor/.clion11/system/cmake/generated/50ae3d2f/50ae3d2f/Debug0 --target all -- -j 8 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:549 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:551 ] Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED = TRUE 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:553 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS = ON 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:555 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME = ON 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:557 ] Boost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS = 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:559 ] Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS = 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:611 ] Declared as CMake or Environmental Variables: 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:613 ] BOOST_ROOT = /usr/local/include/boost 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:615 ] BOOST_INCLUDEDIR = 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:617 ] BOOST_LIBRARYDIR = /usr/local/lib 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:619 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:712 ] location of version.hpp: /usr/local/include/boost/version.hpp 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:736 ] version.hpp reveals boost 1.60.0 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:822 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -gcc48 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:832 ] _boost_MULTITHREADED = -mt 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:875 ] _boost_RELEASE_ABI_TAG = -s 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:877 ] _boost_DEBUG_ABI_TAG = -sd 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:931 ] _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_RELEASE = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_DEBUG = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1043 ] Searching for ASIO_LIBRARY_RELEASE: boost_asio-gcc48-mt-s-1_60;boost_asio-gcc48-mt-s;boost_asio-mt-s-1_60;boost_asio-mt-s;boost_asio 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:343 ] Boost_LIBRARY_DIR_RELEASE = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_RELEASE = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1085 ] Searching for ASIO_LIBRARY_DEBUG: boost_asio-gcc48-mt-sd-1_60;boost_asio-gcc48-mt-sd;boost_asio-mt-sd-1_60;boost_asio-mt-sd;boost_asio-mt;boost_asio 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:343 ] Boost_LIBRARY_DIR_DEBUG = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_DEBUG = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1043 ] Searching for DATE_TIME_LIBRARY_RELEASE: boost_date_time-gcc48-mt-s-1_60;boost_date_time-gcc48-mt-s;boost_date_time-mt-s-1_60;boost_date_time-mt-s;boost_date_time 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:343 ] Boost_LIBRARY_DIR_RELEASE = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_RELEASE = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1085 ] Searching for DATE_TIME_LIBRARY_DEBUG: boost_date_time-gcc48-mt-sd-1_60;boost_date_time-gcc48-mt-sd;boost_date_time-mt-sd-1_60;boost_date_time-mt-sd;boost_date_time-mt;boost_date_time 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:343 ] Boost_LIBRARY_DIR_DEBUG = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_DEBUG = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu;NO_DEFAULT_PATH;NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH 
-- [ /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1151 ] Boost_FOUND = 1 
CMake Error at /devenv/clion-1.1/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.3/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1245 (message): 
    Unable to find the requested Boost libraries. 

    Boost version: 1.60.0 

    Boost include path: /usr/local/include 

    Could not find the following static Boost libraries: 

      boost_asio 

    Some (but not all) of the required Boost libraries were found. You may 
    need to install these additional Boost libraries. Alternatively, set 
    BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT 
    to the location of Boost. 
Call Stack (most recent call first): 
    CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package) 


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred! 
See also "/home/victor/.clion11/system/cmake/generated/50ae3d2f/50ae3d2f/Debug0/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log". 
make: *** [cmake_check_build_system] Error 1 

---

如何使用升压1.60.0在我的项目给我的配置？谢谢！

Answer 1

Boost.Asio是仅包含标题的库。假设只安装了标头组件，并且其余的Boost标头已完成，用于定位Boost组件的标准CMake函数（FindBoost.cmake）仅考虑将预构建库作为组件的组件。所以你应该使用find_package(Boost 1.60.0 REQUIRED date_time)（date_time实际上有预建库，可以通过FindBoost.cmake来定位）。

我想说，FindBoost.cmake可以被增强，以隐藏只有头文件的库和真正的，预先为应用程序开发者的区别。但现在这是后者的责任。

编辑关于与system_category错误：你需要Boost.System库为好，所以find_package调用看起来应该像find_package(Boost 1.60.0 REQUIRED date_time system)，然后在target_link_libraries使用Boost_SYSTEM_LIBRARY。不幸的是，似乎Boost仍然使用它自己的system_category实现，而后者是standardized in C++11