为什么我的并行代码会产生错误？

Question

问题1：当sys.stdout.write未包含在单独的函数中时，下面的代码失败。

问题2：当ssys.stdout.write被封装在一个单独的函数中时，代码打印每个字母之间的空格。

代码（V1）：

#!/usr/bin/env python 

import pp 
import sys 

def main(): 
    server = pp.Server() 

    for c in "Hello World!\n": 
     server.submit(sys.stdout.write, (c,),(), ("sys",))() 

if __name__=="__main__": 
    main() 

跟踪：

$ ./parhello.py 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "./parhello.py", line 15, in <module> 
    main() 
    File "./parhello.py", line 12, in main 
    server.submit(write, (c,),(), ("sys",))() 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pp.py", line 461, in submit 
    sfunc = self.__dumpsfunc((func,) + depfuncs, modules) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pp.py", line 639, in __dumpsfunc 
    sources = [self.__get_source(func) for func in funcs] 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pp.py", line 706, in __get_source 
    sourcelines = inspect.getsourcelines(func)[0] 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/inspect.py", line 688, in getsourcelines 
    lines, lnum = findsource(object) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/inspect.py", line 527, in findsource 
    file = getsourcefile(object) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/inspect.py", line 446, in getsourcefile 
    filename = getfile(object) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/inspect.py", line 422, in getfile 
    'function, traceback, frame, or code object'.format(object)) 
TypeError: <built-in method write of file object at 0x1002811e0> is not a module, class, method, function, traceback, frame, or code object 
make: *** [test] Error 1 

代码（V2）：

#!/usr/bin/env python 

import pp 
import sys 

def hello(c): 
    sys.stdout.write(c) 

def main(): 
    server = pp.Server() 

    for c in "Hello World!\n": 
     server.submit(hello, (c,),(), ("sys",))() 

if __name__=="__main__": 
    main() 

跟踪：

$ ./parhello.py 
H e l l o W o r l d ! 

Answer 1

对于第一部分，pp的设计不是为了处理内置插件而作为参数submit。第二个问题更复杂。在pp调用提交的函数之前，它将stdout和stderr重定向到一个StringIO对象。上完成任务，它打印从StringIO对象与

print sout, 

的值。这意味着其附加的空间的sout内容打印前。为了避免这种情况，请勿直接使用sys.stdout，而是将其打印到您管理的文件或队列中，并以更好的方式处理打印。