2013-07-05 34 views
1

在AJAX中,假设我异步提交请求。当reposne返回时,它执行一个回调函数。多线程环境中的java回调函数

在java多线程环境中实现相同的最佳方式是什么? 即主线程创建一个子线程并提交一个任务,然后子线程返回一个回调函数需要由主线程执行。

这可能吗?在主线程中,我可以执行wait(),并且在子线程中,我可以执行notify(),但在这种情况下,主线程将等待直到子线程完成。 但在AJAX主线程继续工作......这就是我想要

回答

1

你可以使用一个ExecutorService做的后台任务,然后使用的Future方法你回到等待为结果。例如:

class Main { 
    private static final ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); 

    public static void main(final String... args) throws Throwable { 
    List<Future<Integer>> results = new ArrayList<>(); 
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { 
     results.add(asyncSum(i, i*i)); 
    } 
    // here, in the main thread, you can do whatever you want 
    // while the calculations are performed in background threads 
    // ... 

    // after the main thread finishes what it was doing, it 
    // can process the futures 
    for (final Future<Integer> result : results) { 
     System.out.println(result.get()); 
    } 
    } 

    // this method launches a calculation on a worker thread and immediately 
    // returns a Future, which is a reference to the result of the calculation 
    // once it is completed 
    private static Future<Integer> asyncSum(final int a, final int b) { 
    return es.submit(new Callable<Integer>() { 
     @Override public Integer call() throws Exception { 
     return a + b; 
     } 
    }); 
    } 
} 

在上面的例子中,主线程将阻塞,直到第一次计算完成,然后打印它。然后阻塞,直到第二次计算完成,然后打印等

如果你要打印的结果,因为它们变得可用(未指定顺序),那么你可以使用一个CompletionService,而是具有结果列表并对其进行迭代,您可以通过完成服务本身通过.take()方法获得期货,该方法阻止直到计算完成;或者.poll(),如果存在完成计算,则返回Future;如果存在完成计算,则返回null没有完成计算 - 这样你的主线程将永远不会阻塞。如下示例使用CompletionService。它显示了永不阻挡的主线程,使用后台线程进行计算并在结果可用时处理结果:

class Main { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable { 
    final ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); 
    final CompletionService<Integer> cs = new ExecutorCompletionService<>(es); 

    submitSomeCalculations(cs); 

    while (true) { 
     doMainThreadWork(); 
     processFinishedCalculations(cs); 
    } 
    } 

    private static void submitSomeCalculations(final CompletionService<Integer> cs) { 
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { 
     submitAsyncSum(cs, i, i * i); 
    } 
    } 

    private static void submitAsyncSum(final CompletionService<Integer> cs, final int a, final int b) { 
    cs.submit(new Callable<Integer>() { 
     @Override public Integer call() throws Exception { 
     Thread.sleep(100 + (long) (Math.random() * 900)); 
     return a + b; 
     } 
    }); 
    } 

    private static void processFinishedCalculations(final CompletionService<Integer> cs) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { 
    while (true) { 
     final Future<Integer> result = cs.poll(); 
     if (result == null) { 
     System.out.println("> no finished results..."); 
     break; 
     } else { 
     System.out.println("> result available: " + result.get()); 
     } 
    } 
    } 

    static void doMainThreadWork() { 
    System.out.println("work from main thread..."); 
    } 
}