2017-11-17 97 views
0

所以我有这个任务,我必须让两个对象同时移动。我知道我应该使用线程类,但我不知道如何去做。我的项目有两个文件。第一个主要方法和实现风扇object.Here它是:让两个对象同时旋转

import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.JPanel; 
import java.awt.Graphics; 


    public class DrawArcs extends JFrame { 
    public DrawArcs() { 
     setTitle("DrawArcs"); 
     add(new ArcsPanel()); 
    } 

    /** Main method */ 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     DrawArcs frame = new DrawArcs(); 
     frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); // Center the frame 
     frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
     frame.setSize(300, 300); 
     frame.setVisible(true); 
     frame.add(new StillClock()); 


    } 
    } 

    class ArcsPanel extends JPanel { 
    @Override 
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { 
     super.paintComponent(g); 

     int xCenter = getWidth()/2; 
     int yCenter = getHeight()/2; 
     int radius = (int)(Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight()) * 0.4); 

     int x = xCenter - radius; 
     int y = yCenter - radius; 

     g.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 0, 30); 
     g.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 90, 30); 
     g.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 180, 30); 
     g.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 270, 30); 
    } 
} 

我的第二个文件包括实施的时钟类。

public class StillClock extends JPanel { 
    private int hour; 
    private int minute; 
    private int second; 


    public StillClock() { 
     setCurrentTime(); 
    } 


    public StillClock(int hour, int minute, int second) { 
     this.hour = hour; 
     this.minute = minute; 
     this.second = second; 
    } 
////there are setters and getters here 
. 
. 
. 
//// 

    @Override /** Draw the clock */ 
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { 
     super.paintComponent(g); 

     // Initialize clock parameters 
     int clockRadius = 
       (int)(Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight()) * 0.8 * 0.5); 
     int xCenter = getWidth()/2; 
     int yCenter = getHeight()/2; 

     // Draw circle 
     g.setColor(Color.black); 
     g.drawOval(xCenter - clockRadius, yCenter - clockRadius, 
       2 * clockRadius, 2 * clockRadius); 
     g.drawString("12", xCenter - 5, yCenter - clockRadius + 12); 
     g.drawString("9", xCenter - clockRadius + 3, yCenter + 5); 
     g.drawString("3", xCenter + clockRadius - 10, yCenter + 3); 
     g.drawString("6", xCenter - 3, yCenter + clockRadius - 3); 

     // Draw second hand 
     int sLength = (int)(clockRadius * 0.8); 
     int xSecond = (int)(xCenter + sLength * 
       Math.sin(second * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
     int ySecond = (int)(yCenter - sLength * 
       Math.cos(second * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
     g.setColor(Color.red); 
     g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xSecond, ySecond); 

     // Draw minute hand 
     int mLength = (int)(clockRadius * 0.65); 
     int xMinute = (int)(xCenter + mLength * 
       Math.sin(minute * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
     int yMinute = (int)(yCenter - mLength * 
       Math.cos(minute * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
     g.setColor(Color.blue); 
     g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xMinute, yMinute); 

     // Draw hour hand 
     int hLength = (int)(clockRadius * 0.5); 
     int xHour = (int)(xCenter + hLength * 
       Math.sin((hour % 12 + minute/60.0) * (2 * Math.PI/12))); 
     int yHour = (int)(yCenter - hLength * 
       Math.cos((hour % 12 + minute/60.0) * (2 * Math.PI/12))); 
     g.setColor(Color.green); 
     g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xHour, yHour); 
    } 

    public void setCurrentTime() { 
     // Construct a calendar for the current date and time 
     Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(); 

     // Set current hour, minute and second 
     this.hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); 
     this.minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); 
     this.second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND); 
    } 

    @Override 
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() { 
     return new Dimension(200, 200); 
    } 
} 

所以我的问题是如何让风扇和时钟同时旋转?

这里是如何看起来运行代码enter image description here

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开始由具有看看摇摆定时器来更新你根据 – MadProgrammer

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什么是你想旋转的状态,发生了什么,为什么这是不正确的,应该怎样HAP钢笔? – vandale

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@vandale我想旋转时钟和风扇板的腿 – Marina

回答

1

所以,你实际上问两个问题:

  1. 如何动画对象的数量
  2. 如何旋转对象(作为时钟不需要旋转)

旋转

2D图形中的旋转相对简单,并提供了多种可能的选项。我打算使用AffineTransform作为个人偏好。

我们需要几件事情添加到ArcsPanel,我们需要一个angle,它代表旋转的当前角度,和delta,其代表着每个动画运动通过量...

public static class ArcsPanel extends JPanel { 

    protected static final float DELTA = 1.0f; 
    private float angle = 0; 

有了这些信息,我们可以简单地修改paintComponent方法来支持angle性能和应用AffineTransform

@Override 
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { 
    super.paintComponent(g); 

    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create(); 

    int xCenter = getWidth()/2; 
    int yCenter = getHeight()/2; 
    int radius = (int) (Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight()) * 0.4); 

    g2d.setTransform(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(Math.toRadians(angle), xCenter, yCenter)); 

    int x = xCenter - radius; 
    int y = yCenter - radius; 

    g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 0, 30); 
    g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 90, 30); 
    g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 180, 30); 
    g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 270, 30); 
    g2d.dispose(); 
} 

Animati ng许多对象

尽管您可能会想,但您不需要更多线程,实际上您只需要一个线程。这一个线程将通知所有你想更新的对象,他们应该更新他们的动画状态。这个线程并不关心他们如何做到这一点,它只会推动这个过程。同样,你的物体并不关心发动机是如何工作的,只是它会定期通知他们。

现在,Swing既是单线程的,也不是线程安全的。这在处理线程时引发了一些问题。您不能在Event Dispatching Thread的上下文中运行长时间运行或阻塞操作,也不应该从EDT外部更新UI的状态。

为了简单起见,Swing Timer是一个完美的选择,因为它等待EDT,但触发它在EDT中的更新。

首先,我们需要一些方法让引擎告诉其他对象他们应该更新自己。当然,您可以简单地维护对其他组件的直接引用,但这既增加了对象之间的耦合,也限制了引擎的可重用性。

相反,我们定义了一个简单的接口...

public interface Animatable { 
    public void updateAnimatedState(); 
} 

希望得到通知的所有对象均实现这个interface,可以与发动机

public class Engine { 

    private List<Animatable> animatables; 
    private Timer timer; 

    public Engine() { 
     animatables = new ArrayList<>(4); 
     timer = new Timer(10, new ActionListener() { 
      @Override 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 
       for (Animatable animatable : animatables) { 
        animatable.updateAnimatedState(); 
       } 
      } 
     }); 
    } 

    public void add(Animatable animatable) { 
     animatables.add(animatable); 
    } 

    public void start() { 
     timer.start(); 
    } 

    public void stop() { 
     timer.stop(); 
    } 
} 

现在注册,我们需要做的是更新的两种成分...

public static class ArcsPanel extends JPanel implements Animatable { 
    //... 
    @Override 
    public void updateAnimatedState() { 
     angle += DELTA; 
     repaint(); 
    } 
} 

public class StillClock extends JPanel implements Animatable { 
    //... 

    @Override 
    public void updateAnimatedState() { 
     setCurrentTime(); 
     repaint(); 
    } 
} 

您会注意到我已经稍微修改了您的代码,以便两个组件现在都从JPanel延伸,从JFrame延伸的极其有限克,一般不鼓励。

最后,我们只需要设置这一切......

public class Test { 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     new Test(); 
    } 

    public Test() { 
     EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
      @Override 
      public void run() { 
       try { 
        UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); 
       } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) { 
        ex.printStackTrace(); 
       } 

       ArcsPanel arcPanel = new ArcsPanel(); 
       StillClock clockPanel = new StillClock(); 

       JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing"); 
       frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
       frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 2)); 
       frame.add(arcPanel); 
       frame.add(clockPanel); 
       frame.pack(); 
       frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); 
       frame.setVisible(true); 

       Engine engine = new Engine(); 
       engine.add(arcPanel); 
       engine.add(clockPanel); 
       engine.start(); 
      } 
     }); 
    } 
} 

Runnable的例子...

而且因为我知道如何混乱的一堆乱背景下的代码片段可以是...

import java.awt.Color; 
import java.awt.Dimension; 
import java.awt.EventQueue; 
import java.awt.Graphics; 
import java.awt.Graphics2D; 
import java.awt.GridLayout; 
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; 
import java.awt.event.ActionListener; 
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.Calendar; 
import java.util.GregorianCalendar; 
import java.util.List; 
import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.JPanel; 
import javax.swing.Timer; 
import javax.swing.UIManager; 
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException; 

public class Test { 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     new Test(); 
    } 

    public Test() { 
     EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
      @Override 
      public void run() { 
       try { 
        UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); 
       } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) { 
        ex.printStackTrace(); 
       } 

       ArcsPanel arcPanel = new ArcsPanel(); 
       StillClock clockPanel = new StillClock(); 

       JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing"); 
       frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
       frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 2)); 
       frame.add(arcPanel); 
       frame.add(clockPanel); 
       frame.pack(); 
       frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); 
       frame.setVisible(true); 

       Engine engine = new Engine(); 
       engine.add(arcPanel); 
       engine.add(clockPanel); 
       engine.start(); 
      } 
     }); 
    } 

    public class Engine { 

     private List<Animatable> animatables; 
     private Timer timer; 

     public Engine() { 
      animatables = new ArrayList<>(4); 
      timer = new Timer(10, new ActionListener() { 
       @Override 
       public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 
        for (Animatable animatable : animatables) { 
         animatable.updateAnimatedState(); 
        } 
       } 
      }); 
     } 

     public void add(Animatable animatable) { 
      animatables.add(animatable); 
     } 

     public void start() { 
      timer.start(); 
     } 

     public void stop() { 
      timer.stop(); 
     } 
    } 

    public interface Animatable { 

     public void updateAnimatedState(); 
    } 

    public static class ArcsPanel extends JPanel implements Animatable { 

     protected static final float DELTA = 1.0f; 
     private float angle = 0; 

     @Override 
     public Dimension getPreferredSize() { 
      return new Dimension(300, 300); 
     } 

     @Override 
     protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { 
      super.paintComponent(g); 

      Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create(); 

      int xCenter = getWidth()/2; 
      int yCenter = getHeight()/2; 
      int radius = (int) (Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight()) * 0.4); 

      g2d.setTransform(AffineTransform.getRotateInstance(Math.toRadians(angle), xCenter, yCenter)); 

      int x = xCenter - radius; 
      int y = yCenter - radius; 

      g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 0, 30); 
      g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 90, 30); 
      g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 180, 30); 
      g2d.fillArc(x, y, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, 270, 30); 
      g2d.dispose(); 
     } 

     @Override 
     public void updateAnimatedState() { 
      angle += DELTA; 
      repaint(); 
     } 
    } 

    public class StillClock extends JPanel implements Animatable { 

     private int hour; 
     private int minute; 
     private int second; 

     public StillClock() { 
      setCurrentTime(); 
     } 

     public StillClock(int hour, int minute, int second) { 
      this.hour = hour; 
      this.minute = minute; 
      this.second = second; 
     } 

     @Override 
     public Dimension getPreferredSize() { 
      return new Dimension(300, 300); 
     } 

     @Override 
     protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { 
      super.paintComponent(g); 

      // Initialize clock parameters 
      int clockRadius 
          = (int) (Math.min(getWidth(), getHeight()) * 0.8 * 0.5); 
      int xCenter = getWidth()/2; 
      int yCenter = getHeight()/2; 

      // Draw circle 
      g.setColor(Color.black); 
      g.drawOval(xCenter - clockRadius, yCenter - clockRadius, 
          2 * clockRadius, 2 * clockRadius); 
      g.drawString("12", xCenter - 5, yCenter - clockRadius + 12); 
      g.drawString("9", xCenter - clockRadius + 3, yCenter + 5); 
      g.drawString("3", xCenter + clockRadius - 10, yCenter + 3); 
      g.drawString("6", xCenter - 3, yCenter + clockRadius - 3); 

      // Draw second hand 
      int sLength = (int) (clockRadius * 0.8); 
      int xSecond = (int) (xCenter + sLength 
          * Math.sin(second * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
      int ySecond = (int) (yCenter - sLength 
          * Math.cos(second * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
      g.setColor(Color.red); 
      g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xSecond, ySecond); 

      // Draw minute hand 
      int mLength = (int) (clockRadius * 0.65); 
      int xMinute = (int) (xCenter + mLength 
          * Math.sin(minute * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
      int yMinute = (int) (yCenter - mLength 
          * Math.cos(minute * (2 * Math.PI/60))); 
      g.setColor(Color.blue); 
      g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xMinute, yMinute); 

      // Draw hour hand 
      int hLength = (int) (clockRadius * 0.5); 
      int xHour = (int) (xCenter + hLength 
          * Math.sin((hour % 12 + minute/60.0) * (2 * Math.PI/12))); 
      int yHour = (int) (yCenter - hLength 
          * Math.cos((hour % 12 + minute/60.0) * (2 * Math.PI/12))); 
      g.setColor(Color.green); 
      g.drawLine(xCenter, yCenter, xHour, yHour); 
     } 

     public void setCurrentTime() { 
      // Construct a calendar for the current date and time 
      Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(); 

      // Set current hour, minute and second 
      this.hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); 
      this.minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); 
      this.second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND); 
     } 

     @Override 
     public void updateAnimatedState() { 
      setCurrentTime(); 
      repaint(); 
     } 
    } 
} 
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当我尝试运行您的Runnable示例时出现错误:无法找到或加载主类DrawArcs。我不知道如何解决它,虽然我的文件名是DrawArcs.java,所以它可能与此有关。 – Marina

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我的示例中没有'DrawArcs'类 – MadProgrammer

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是的,我通过将Test class更改为DrawArcs类来修复它。谢谢您的回答! – Marina